While olives, grapes, and cereals were being cultivated, figs, sesame, legumes, and spices/medicinal herbs (such as thyme and sage) became widespread. On foundation lands and farms, the labor of tenant farmers and sharecroppers became prominent; vineyards and olive groves were operated based on family labor.

While olives, grapes, and cereals were being cultivated, figs, sesame, legumes, and spices/medicinal herbs (such as thyme and sage) became widespread. On foundation lands and farms, the labor of tenant farmers and sharecroppers became prominent; vineyards and olive groves were operated based on family labor.