In ancient Ephesus, women and men wore garments that were in line with the fashion of the Greek and Roman periods. The basic garment worn by both women and men was the Chiton, a long shirt/tunic with a rectangular cut. The chiton was created by fastening two pieces of fabric with pins or buttons at the shoulders, forming a cylindrical outfit. During the archaic period, most people wore long chitons, while only travelers, soldiers, and craftsmen opted for knee-length chitons for practicality. By the classical period, Ephesus began to make its mark in fashion; combining Ionic and Doric clothing elements, making chitons more loose, wide, and draped became fashionable. Ephesus was also a trend-setting city in the Hellenistic period. During this time, it became common for women to tie their belts higher above the chest on their chitons (a high-waisted style) and to wear sleeveless chitons. Especially from the 5th century BC onwards, Ephesus became a fashion leader in Anatolia, and other cities in Ionia started to follow Ephesian clothing preferences. In the Hellenistic period, the preference for the plain white clothing of previous centuries shifted back to colorful and patterned fabrics, and even transparent-textured fine silk garments began to replace wool and linen.

As a main garment over the chiton, a large outer garment called the himation (cloak/mantle) was worn by both women and men. The himation was a rectangular shawl that was wrapped diagonally around the body; its ends were thrown over the shoulder, allowing it to drape freely in the front and back. The peplos, particularly worn by women in the archaic period, was a type of woolen garment with the upper part folded to form a flap (before the chiton became more widespread in the Ionian region). Young people, travelers, and soldiers wore a lighter cloak called the chlamys; this cloak was fastened on one shoulder with a pin known as a fibula. In the classical period, it was rectangular, but in the Hellenistic period, it was cut oval. Additionally, there was the practical garment called the exomis for workers, slaves, and soldiers; it was a sleeveless tunic fastened from the shoulder with a fibula, leaving one shoulder bare and knee-length. These garments were the basic clothing of the Greek world and continued to be worn by the Ephesians during the Roman period.

When it came to the Roman Empire period, clothing styles in Ephesus became enriched with some new garments. Men typically wore an inner garment called the tunica in daily life; the tunica was made of wool or cotton fabric, could be short-sleeved or sleeveless, and was fastened at the waist with a belt. Men's tunics were short, stopping above the knee, while women's tunics extended to the ankles; a man's tunic reaching the feet was not well regarded. Freeborn Ephesian women wore a long dress called a stola over their inner tunics (tunica interior); it was traditional for married women's stolas to have buttons at the sleeve edges. Although Hellenistic garments like the chiton and himation were still in use during the Roman period in Ephesus, the Roman-specific toga gained importance, especially as formal and upper-class attire. Young men began wearing a white toga during ceremonies when entering adulthood, symbolizing their transition to adult status. Although the general populace (particularly Greek-origin Ephesians) often preferred the simpler pallium instead of the toga, the toga served as an identity marker for Roman citizens.

 

In ancient Ephesus, women and men wore garments that were in line with the fashion of the Greek and Roman periods. The basic garment worn by both women and men was the Chiton, a long shirt/tunic with a rectangular cut. The chiton was created by fastening two pieces of fabric with pins or buttons at the shoulders, forming a cylindrical outfit. During the archaic period, most people wore long chitons, while only travelers, soldiers, and craftsmen opted for knee-length chitons for practicality. By the classical period, Ephesus began to make its mark in fashion; combining Ionic and Doric clothing elements, making chitons more loose, wide, and draped became fashionable. Ephesus was also a trend-setting city in the Hellenistic period. During this time, it became common for women to tie their belts higher above the chest on their chitons (a high-waisted style) and to wear sleeveless chitons. Especially from the 5th century BC onwards, Ephesus became a fashion leader in Anatolia, and other cities in Ionia started to follow Ephesian clothing preferences. In the Hellenistic period, the preference for the plain white clothing of previous centuries shifted back to colorful and patterned fabrics, and even transparent-textured fine silk garments began to replace wool and linen.

As a main garment over the chiton, a large outer garment called the himation (cloak/mantle) was worn by both women and men. The himation was a rectangular shawl that was wrapped diagonally around the body; its ends were thrown over the shoulder, allowing it to drape freely in the front and back. The peplos, particularly worn by women in the archaic period, was a type of woolen garment with the upper part folded to form a flap (before the chiton became more widespread in the Ionian region). Young people, travelers, and soldiers wore a lighter cloak called the chlamys; this cloak was fastened on one shoulder with a pin known as a fibula. In the classical period, it was rectangular, but in the Hellenistic period, it was cut oval. Additionally, there was the practical garment called the exomis for workers, slaves, and soldiers; it was a sleeveless tunic fastened from the shoulder with a fibula, leaving one shoulder bare and knee-length. These garments were the basic clothing of the Greek world and continued to be worn by the Ephesians during the Roman period.

When it came to the Roman Empire period, clothing styles in Ephesus became enriched with some new garments. Men typically wore an inner garment called the tunica in daily life; the tunica was made of wool or cotton fabric, could be short-sleeved or sleeveless, and was fastened at the waist with a belt. Men's tunics were short, stopping above the knee, while women's tunics extended to the ankles; a man's tunic reaching the feet was not well regarded. Freeborn Ephesian women wore a long dress called a stola over their inner tunics (tunica interior); it was traditional for married women's stolas to have buttons at the sleeve edges. Although Hellenistic garments like the chiton and himation were still in use during the Roman period in Ephesus, the Roman-specific toga gained importance, especially as formal and upper-class attire. Young men began wearing a white toga during ceremonies when entering adulthood, symbolizing their transition to adult status. Although the general populace (particularly Greek-origin Ephesians) often preferred the simpler pallium instead of the toga, the toga served as an identity marker for Roman citizens.